Urban systems theory, operationalized (part 2) 

Continuing our presentation of urban agendas that operationalize urban systems theory… Apart from the prevalent sustainable city agenda, at least five other popular urban agendas have been identified in the literature: ecocity, low-carbon city, resilient city, knowledge city, and smart…

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What is urban resilience? Is it compatible with sustainability?

Despite being an old concept for engineering, psychology, and disaster management, the famous natural scientist C.S. Holling introduced ecological and socio-ecological resilience in the early 1970s. He synthesized social and ecological theory to study and enhance adaptive (as opposed to…

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What is the sustainability continuum?

The position of an initiative on the weak/strong sustainability continuum is a debate that is rooted in economics but is now central to sustainability discourse, pertaining to both research and practice. The weaker-to-stronger sustainability debate is a spectrum between those…

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